Arrangement for the formation and beating up of the wefts in circular weaving looms



Nov. 17, 1953 J. DUNOD 2,659,393 ARRANGEMENT FOR THE FORMATION AND BEATING UP OF THE WEFTS IN CIRCULAR WEAVING LOOMS Filed July 26, 1951 7 Sheets-Sheet 1 I jmvaM-w: Tenn .DUA/OD I H0 rmey Nov. 17, 1953 J. DUNQD 2,659,393

ARRANGEMENT FOR THE FORMATION AND BEATING UP 0? THE WEFTS IN CIRCULAR WEAVING LOOUS Filed July 26, 1951 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 A-Hovnw Nov. 17, 1953 J. DUNOD ARRANGEMENT FOR THE FORMATION AND BEATING up OF THE WEFTS IN cmcuum WEAVING LOOMS 7 Sheets-Sheet' 3 Filed July 26, 1951 Nov. 17, 1953 J. DUNOD 2,659,393 ARRANGEMENT FOR THE FORMATION AND BEATING UP OF THE WEFTS IN CIRCULAR WEAVING LOOMS Filed July 26, 1951 '7 Sheets-Sheet 4 Tenn $UIVOD Filed July 26, 1951 v 7 Sheets-Sheet. 5

Nov. 17, 1953 J. DUNOD ARRANGEMENT FOR THE FORMATION AND BEATING UP OF THE WEFTS IN- CIRCULAR WEAVING LOOMS 7- Jaw/hr.- )n Da /v00 emu- Nov. 17, 1953 J. DUNOD ARRANGEMENT FOR THE FORMATION AND BEATING UP OF THE WEFTS Filed July 26, 1951 IN CIRCULAR WEAVING LOOMS 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 OnVua-Hr: .Tgan @UA/(JD 4;; Mm-W AHor nay Nov. 17, 1953 Y J. DUNOD ARRANGEMENT FOR THE FORMATION AND BEATING UP OF THE WEFTS IN CIFRCULAR WEAVING LOOUS Filed July 26, 1951 7 Sheets- Sheet 7.

I76 I 7 /75 /60 I806 Jnvud-or:

Tea/o EVA 0D Patented Nov. 17, 1953 ARRANGEMENT FOR THE FORMATION AND BEATING UP OF THE WEFTS IN CIRCULAR WEAVING LOOMS Jean Dunod, Paris, France, assignor to Qualitex- Socit Dunod & Cie, Paris, France, a corporation of France Application July 26, 1951, Serial No. 238,675 7 Claims priority, application France July 27, 1950 2 Claims. (Cl. 13913) This invention relates to circular looms Wherein several shuttles are driven, or rather entrained, by a non-positive drive, this being effected by substantially horizontal arms keyed on a vertical shaft. The invention is particularly but not exclusively concerned with looms of this kind wherein the shuttles are entrained by the attraction of electro-magnets mounted upon each of the revolving arms.

One object of the invention is to provide a shuttle particularly adapted for the non-positive mode of entrainment and at the same time adapted for facilitating the laying of the weft.

A second object is to provide a particularly advantageous magnetic means for the entrainment of the shuttles.

Yet another object is to provide an advantageous means for beating up the weft laid by the means aforesaid.

In the annexed drawings one practical means according to the invention is illustrated diagrammatically and by way of example, in which drawmgs:

Figure 1 is a perspective View of a shuttle and a bobbin therein,

Figure 2 is an axial section of the bobbin in Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a perspective view to a larger scale, showing the formation of the weft,

Figure 4 is a diagrammatic plan explanatory of the driving of the shuttles,

Figures 5 and 6 are diagrams explanatory of the effect of magnetic attraction and repulsion for the driving of the shuttles,

Figure 7 is an elevation of one half of a loom incorporating the present improvements,

Figure 8 is the other half of the loom in vertical section,

Figure 9 is a view of the beating-up mechanism in section on the line IX-IX of Figur 10,

Figure 10 is a plan corresponding with Figure 9,

Figure 11 is a view to a larger scale of a detail in Figure 9, this view being in section on the line XI-XI of Figure 12,

Figure 12 is a section, to the same scale, on the line XIIXII of Figure 11.

As will be seen from Figure 1 to 3, the bobbin 58 is mounted removably in a shuttle 12 which runs on the reed I08 and is guided by a side flange [080 against which bear rollers I08?) of the shuttle. The latter has at its rear end a slender hollow point H for the passage of the weft thread. It will be seen in Figure 1 that the weft thread 69 wound on the bobbin 68 passes first through 2 a central tube ID of the bobbin, then turns forwardly past the fixing ring 68, as shownin Figures 1 and 2. It then passes into the tailpiece 68d of the shuttle and is laid in the inverted bottom of the shed by the point I I. A clip I00 serves for fixin the bobbin in the shuttle 12.

Figure 3 shows how the weft-thread 89 is laid by the shuttle 12 in the shed opened by disposing alternate warp threads towards respective sides of the reed I08. This is done by a shedopening mechanism forming no part of the present invention but preferably of the type described in a concurrent patent application No. 238,674, filed July 26', 1951. This mechanism is represented diagrammatically by heddles 43 and 44 (Figures 3 and 8) actuating the threads 26. It is necessary, in order to pass the thread 69 through the central tube 10 (Figure 2) and re,- turning it towards the said tail-piece, to use the body of the bobbin for guidance. In fact, the changing of the bobbin would be made very difficult if such guidance were provided by a device fixedly mounted in the shuttle.

Figure 4 shows the means for entraining the shuttle, said means comprising devices on the shuttle and cooperative devices carried by revolving arms, and these will be described later.

When the weft is laid, the shed is closed after the passage of the shuttle whereupon the warp threads are all disposed along the inner edge l08w of the reed I08 as seen to the right hand in Figure 3. The tailpiece ll of the shuttle guiding the weft thread 69 must therefore be directed away from this side. It is to be noted that the weft is laid when the warp threads are tensioned normally, so that risk of breakage of thread is relatively small. To the left hand in Figure the shed is seen to be open before the passage of the shuttle and to the right hand, the shed is seen to be re-closing after the passage of'the body 12 of the shuttle and during the passage of its tailpiece H.

The means for entraining the shuttles is illustrated diagrammatically in Figure 4. This means must permit at all times of leaving afree space between the shuttle and the driving means such space being occupied by the warp threads. At the same time, the said means must be sufficiently effective for ensuring that there is no risk of loss of driving connection between a shuttle and its driving means particularly when the driving effort demanded is a maximum as when starting or stopping the loom.

This problem is solved by the invention in the following manner: On the central shaft 61 of 3 the loom are keyed arms 18 in number equal to the number of shuttles 12 (three in the example illustrated) these arms being regularly spaced. Each arm carries at its extremity, opposite a respective shuttle, two magnet coils 14 and 15 (Figures 4 to 6 and 8).

To cooperate with these coils, the shuttle is fitted with armatures 18 and 11, the armatures 11 being conductive but not magnetic (for example solid aluminium) whilst the others 18 are magnetic and relatively non-conductive (for example of laminated iron). The armatures 11, in fact, are suitable for the development of Foucault currents.

The coils 14 and 15 are traversed by electric impulses of very short duration and of high tension and intensity supplied by a generator 8| (Figure 4) to a fixed brush 18 rubbing on a slip ring 18 connected with the circuits 80 of the coils 10 and 15. The second pole of the generator BI is similarly connected to a second slip ring 18a. The generator 8| is of known type used particularly in radar installations and its function is to charge a condenser under a tension of the order of 2,000 volts, the condenser discharging into a solenoid. The impulses produce a purely magnetic attraction on the magnetic armature 18 and a repulsion on the non-magnetic armature 11 by induction of Foucault currents therein.

Each shuttle 12 is thus both simultaneously attracted and repelled. By a suitable disposition of coils and armatures as hereinafter indicated, the shuttle is not submitted to any radial effort but only to resultant tangential forces of attraction and repulsion, a tractive effort being produced so that the shuttle is entrained around its run-way which is, in general, constituted by the reed I08.

On the other hand, the system producing two tangential resultants directly opposed to one another, the shuttle finds itself with a sort of elastic connection with the extremity of a corresponding driving arm. Figures and 6 illustrate the mode of operation of this magnetic arrangement.

In the position of rest (Figure 5) the magnetic centres 15a and 15b of the magnet coils 15 are disposed symmetrically in regard to the magnetic centres 11a and 11b of the non-magnetic masses 11 and 18a of the magnetic mass 18. The forces operating are repulsion forces R1 and R2, which can be split into radial components 11 and r: and tangential components V1 and V2, and attraction forces A1 and A: which can be split similarly into a1 and an and b1 and b2.

At this moment, if the sum of the forces be represented by 2, then:

rection of the arrow F.

The relation between the distances of the magnetic centres gives:

2(V'1 V2+b'1 b'z) =0=W (resultant force) whilst preserving: 2(r'1 TH-G'i 0'2) =0 It is understood that matters are so arranged that the direction of the resultant force W is the same as that of the movement of the arm 18, that is to say of the arrow F, Figure 6.

It results that the shuttle is entrained in the same direction as the arm 18.

The arrangement for beating up the wefts is illustrated in detail in Figures 7 to 12 and Figures '1 and 8 show the relative position of this arrangement in the loom. This mechanism operates, after the passage of the shuttle, to beat up the weft thread into the inverted bottom of the shed. The function therefore is the same as that of the beating up reed in a rectilinear loom.

The woven fabric I82, above the level where the weft 88 is laid, passes between two concentric rails I03a and Mb. The inner rail I081: is fixed to a frame part I84 supported upon the shaft 81 through the intermediary of ball bearings I85 and the outer rail I03b is supported by brackets I83 on columns I82 which support the upper frame of the lever (Figures 7 and 8).

The weft-beating mechanism is situated immediately beneath the rails I08a, I03b. It is in the form of a multiple reed composed of independent elements I having tails or prolongations I80a directed downwardly (Figures 9 and 11) upon which is laid the weft thread 88, Figure 11. These elements I80 are mounted on the inner rail I03 in openings I14 (Fig. 12) in a coronet or ring I15 and are pivotal about axles I18. The said elements I80 are under the influence of spring rings I11 which constantly tend to move them into the position shown in full lines in Figure 9. It is in this position that they receive the weft thread 88 laid by the tail piece H of the shuttle. The beating up of the weft is effected as follows: On the central shaft 81 are keyed six arms (Figure 10) three of which marked 13, already mentioned, carry the magnet coils 14 and 15 and the other three (of which only two appear partially or wholly in Fig. 10), marked I18 carry horizontal wheels I18 adapted for having rolling action against the tails I80a of the elements I80. These wheels I18 are at such a distance from the axis of the shaft 81, that they press these tails against the action of the springs I11 and cause the elements I80 to oscillate about the pivots I18. In this movement, they raise the weft thread 88 and bring it into the inverted bottom of the shed opening so that they come into the position shown in dotted lines in Figure 11.

Naturally, the arms carrying the wheels I18 are keyed angularly in relation to the cams 38, 40 which control the to-and-fro movements of the heddles 43, 44, Figure 8, in such manner that the beating up of the weft 88 is effected at the time that the warp threads are crossed.

It is to be understood that although there has been described above a particular mode of entrainment of the shuttles by elect-ro-magnetic attraction and repulsion, the invention comprises generally the combination with a nonpositive drive or entrainment of the shuttles by revolving arms carried by a vertical shaft, of an arrangement for beating up the weft threads in the manner set forth.

I claim:

1. Arrangement for the formation and beating up of the wefts in a circular weaving loom in which the shuttles are entrained in a non-positive manner by means of arms revolving solidly with a central vertical shaft, comprising in combination bobbins each comprising a central bore through which the weft thread is passed from back to front and a fixing ring at the front for engaging with the shuttle, shuttles each carrying at the front a fixing clip for engaging with a bobbin and at the rear a tail terminated by a fine point, means on each shuttle for ensuring the entrainment thereof in cooperation with corresponding means carried by corresponding revolving arms, concentric horizontal rails between which the Woven fabric is passed, spring-influenced vertically oscillating blades disposed radially beneath the said rails and having at their inner ends tail-like prolcngations, arms turning solidly with the said vertical shaft of the loom and distinct from the arms for entrainment of the shuttles, and horizontal wheels carried by these arms and rolling against the tail-like projections of the blades.

2. Arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the entrainment means on each shuttle comprises an armature conductive but not magnetic and an armature magnetic but not conductive, and corresponding means on each arm comprising two coils, a source of electric impulses of high tension and high intensity but of short duration, and electric circuits comprising fixed brushes and slip rings connecting the source of impulses to the two coils mounted upon each revolving arm.

JEAN DUNOD.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 514,089 Lombard Feb. 6, 1894 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 426,731 Germany Mar. 18, 1926 678,133 France Dec, 23, 1929 956,458 France Aug. 8, 1949 

